1644
Jan 6	Arundel Castle falls to Waller.
Jan 19	The Scots join the War. Alexander Leslie, Earl of Leven leads a force of 21,000 Covenanters into England.
Jan 22	Oxford Parliament	England had two parliaments for a while.
Jan 25	Royalist troops returned from Ireland under Lord Byron defeated by Fairfax and Brereton at Nantwich.
Feb 3	Newcastle occupied by the Marquess of Newcastle after he repulsed an attack by the Scots under Leven.	The Scots target was to control the Tyne, to allow shipments of coal to reach London.
Feb 16	Committee for Both Kingdoms (CBK)
Feb 19	Skirmish at Corbridge
Mar 4	Leven marches unopposed into Sunderland.
Mar 7	Stand-off at Penshaw.
Mar 21	Rupert relieves the siege of Newark. and heads back to Shrewsbury to prepare for a move against the Scots army.
Mar 29	In the South, Waller marches towards Winchester and defeats Hopton at Cheriton	Parliament victory The southern part of the three-pronged attack on London had been stopped.
Apr 11	Fairfax and Meldrum capture Selby, defeating the part of Newcastle's army left to defend Yorkshire.	The result of this defeat for the Royalists was to force Newcastle to retreat to York.
Apr 16	Maurice besieges the port of Lyme in Dorset.
Apr 17	The Queen leaves Oxford for Exeter to have a baby.
Apr 18	Newcastle arrives back in York with 6000 foot with Leven and the Scots pursuing him. He sent urgent messages to the King for relief.	He had sent his 5000 horse to Newark as he did not want them involved in a siege.
Apr 20	The Fairfaxes and the Scots (Leven) meet at Wetherby.	Their combined forces were about 20,000 men.
Apr 22	Fairfax and Leven besiege York.	York suddenly became important. If York fell, the King would lose most of northern England.
May 6	Manchester captures Lincoln
May 13	Essex marches from London.
May 16	Rupert leaves Shrewsbury for the 'York March'
May 18	Royalist troops withdrawn from Reading and Abingdon against Rupert's advice, thus breaking the protective ring around Oxford. Waller and Essex moved in.
May 23	Rupert wins a skirmish at Knutsford
May 25	Rupert captures Stockport and relieves Lathom House.
May 28	Rupert and Lord Derby attack Bolton.
May 30	Rupert is joined by Goring, bringing 5,000 horse and 800 foot of Newcastle's army.
Jun 2	Charles moves out of Oxford.
Jun 3	Manchester arrives at York.
Jun 5	Rupert enters Wigan.
Jun 6	Essex meets Waller and sends him after the King's army while he heads for Lyme. Charles arrives at Worcester.
Jun 11	Rupert takes Liverpool.
Jun 14	Essex snubs the CBK who order him to return from Lyme to join Waller face the King's army.
Jun 15	Maurice abandons Lyme and heads for Exeter.
Jun 16	Assault on York begins. The Queen gives birth to Henrietta Anne	Charles IIs sister is later known as Minette.
Jun 23	Rupert sets out from Preston to York.
Jun 29	Battle at Cropredy Bridge. Waller's forces are routed by Charles' cavalry.	Royalist victory.
July 2	Marston Moor	Parliament victory.
July 12	Charles leaves Evesham and marches south-west to pursue Essex.
July 14	The Queen flees to France from Exeter when she hears of Essex's approach..
July 15	MacDonald's Irish forces land in Scotland.
July 16	York surrenders.
July 20	Waller occupies Abingdon.
July 23	Essex relieves Plymouth.
July 26	Charles arrives at Exeter.
Aug 1	Charles marches into Cornwall.
Aug 12	Leven besieges Newcastle.
Aug 26	Rupert arrives in Bristol.
Aug 31	Balfour escapes from Lostwithiel.
Sep 1	Montrose routs the Covenanters at the battle of Tippermuir.	Royalist victory.
Sep 2	Surrender of Lostwithiel.
Sep 4	Montrose leaves Perth and marches on Aberdeen, pursued by the Marquis of Argyle.
Sep 13	Montrose defeats Balfour at the Battle of Aberdeen. and then marches round the Highlands trying to gain support.	Royalist victory.
Oct 20	Leven takes Newcastle.
Oct 25	Earl of Northampton relieves Banbury.
Oct 27	2nd Battle of Newbury.	Inconclusive
Oct 28	Montrose beats off Argyle's attack at Fyvie
Nov 9	Charles and Rupert relieve Donnington Castle.
Nov 19	Parliamentary army move to Reading for the winter
Nov 23	Royalist forces move to Oxford for the winter.
Dec 19	The first Self-Denying Ordinance is passed by the Commons.	The Lords delayed looking at it until Jan 13th when they threw it out.
Dec 25	Pontefract castle besieged.