1645
Jan 2 Sir John Hotham and his son executed on Tower Hill. They were accused of betraying Hull to the Royalists.
Jan 6 Committee of Both Kingdoms proposes the formation of a new model army.
Jan 10 Execution of Archbishop Laud
Jan 11 Rupert unsuccessfully attacks Abingdon
Jan 29 Uxbridge peace negotiations
Feb 2 Battle of Inverlochy. Montrose puts to flight Argyle's army yet again.
Feb 10 Royalists attack the Parliamentarian garrison at Weymouth.
Feb 15 New Model Army Ordinance is eventually passed.
Feb 22 Mytton takes Shrewsbury for Parliament and hangs 13 Irishmen. 

Meldrum takes Scarborough.

 Rupert responds by hanging 13 Roundhead prisoners.
Feb 28 Parliament regains control of Weymouth
Mar 4 The King sends the Prince of Wales to Bristol to stir things up in the West Country, and form a new army there. Goring is summoned to join them.
Mar 11 Goring's men lay siege to Taunton. 
Goring gets a commission as commander-in-chief of all western forces and so can only receive orders directly from the King. 

Rupert is sent to the relief of Chester which was under threat from Brereton.

 This does not go down well with others such as Prince Rupert, Sir Richard Grenville and Sir John Berkeley especially as Goring's bouts of drinking were making him unreliable.
Mar 18 Clubmen rising at Hereford threatens Rupert who disperses them but hampers his move on Chester.
Apr 3 A modified Self-Denying Ordinance is passed by the Lords.
Apr 24 Cromwell defeats Northumberland at Islip
Apr 29 Cromwell repulsed at Faringdon House.
May 9 Battle of Auldearn
May 22 Siege of Oxford by Fairfax and the New Model Army.
May 30 Rupert captures and ransacks Leicester in an attempt to draw Fairfax away from Oxford.
Jun 12 Initial contact between Fairfax and the King's army at Borough Hill
Jun 14 Battle of Naseby Parliamentary victory
Jun 18 Fairfax takes back Leicester
Jun 28 Leven takes Carlisle
Jul 2 Montrose beats the Covenanters again at the Battle of Alford
Jul 3 Fairfax meets the Clubmen of Dorset and Wiltshire at Dorchester.
Jul 10 Fairfax boldly attacks Goring's strong defences at the Battle of Langport. Parliamentary victory

Langport was the last major battle of the war which dragged on for another year to a foregone conclusion
Jul 23 Fairfax takes Bridgwater This cuts off supply lines from Bristol to the Royalist forces in the South-West.
Jul 25 Scarborough castle surrenders to Parliament
Jul 30 Bath captured

Leven besieges Hereford.
Aug 1 Local royalist forces routed at Colby Moor near Haverfordwest.
Aug 2 Siege of Sherborne Castle begins.
Aug 4 Cromwell routs Dorsetshire clubmen at Hambledon Hill. Cromwell starts mopping up Dorset and Hampshire.
Aug 5 Charles sets off North from Cardiff to try to join Montrose, leaving Rupert to guard Bristol. Rupert assures Charles that he can hold Bristol for at least four months.
Aug 14 Fairfax assaults and captures Sherborne Castle. By this time Charles has set off North from Cardiff 
Aug 15 Battle of Kilsyth. Baillie and the Covenanters completely routed by Montrose.

Charles arrives at Welbeck.
Aug 18 Triumphant Montrose enters Glasgow.

Fairfax leaves Sherborne and heads for Bristol.

Charles has reached Doncaster where he learns that Leven has left Hereford and has been following him and is nearby. Poyntz's Northern Association troops also amass in Yorkshire to challenge him.

Aug 23 On the run, Charles marches his men through Newark and arrives at Huntingdon.

Siege of Bristol by Fairfax begins.
Aug 28 The King's men arrive back in Oxford.
Aug 29 Prince of Wales arrives at Exeter.
Aug 30 The King leaves Oxford to relieve the siege at Hereford.
Sep 1 The King arrives at Worcester.
Sep 4 The King occupies Hereford
Sep 10 Fairfax storms Bristol at night after 6 days of cannon bombardment - Rupert has to yield. Rupert was dismissed by the King as commander of the Royalist army and given a pass to leave the county.
Sep 13 Montrose defeated at Philiphaugh by Leslie.
Sep 15 Farley Castle surrenders to Fairfax
Sep 22 Devizes falls to Cromwell
Sep 24 Royalist cavalry routed at Rowton Heath by Poyntz. This ended Charles' attempt to join up with Montrose in Scotland.
Sep 26 Berkeley Castle surrenders to Fairfax.
Oct 4 Charles arrives at Newark and dismisses the governor Sir Richard Willys. Lord Digby is appointed as Lieutenant-General.
Oct 5 Winchester Castle surrenders.
Oct 8 Rupert leaves Oxford to confront the King at Newark. He is joined by Maurice at Banbury.[Detail]
Oct 12 Giovanni Battista Rinuccini, Archbishop of Fermo arrives in Kenmare, Ireland as the papal nuncio and resides in Kilkenny. He has been sent by the Pope to help restore Catholicism to the people of Ireland.
Oct 13 Charles sends Digby north with 1500 men, including Langdale's horse to join with Montrose in Scotland.
Oct 14 Cromwell takes Basing House after a six-day siege.
Oct 15 Turnabout at Sherburn.
Oct 16 Rupert and others confront the King at Newark, demanding a fair trial for Willis, the deposed Governor of Newark.[Detail].
Oct 19 Fairfax takes Tiverton. The early onset of winter and muddy roads caused Fairfax to move to winter quarters around Exeter.
Oct 24 Digby and Langdale attacked again at Carlisle by Sir John Browne.

The remains of this Royalist army managed to get as far as Dumfries before turning back. What was left of the men melted away into the Cumbrian hills....Digby and some of the officers found a boat at Ravenglass to take them to the Isle of Man. Digby then sailed onto Ireland where he planned to make it a base for a Royalist resurgence.
Oct 26 Rupert and his fellow cavalry officers move to Belvoir Castle.
Nov 5 The King has left Newark and arrives in Oxford.
Nov 10 Goring, now an alcoholic, flees by ship to France.
Nov 27 Lord Leven's Scottish Covenanters besiege Newark and are joined by Poyntz and his Northern Association army. This siege continued until May 1646
Dec 9 Rupert arrives in Oxford and is reconciled with the King.
Dec 18 Birch takes Hereford.
Dec 20 Rinuccini reaches an agreement with the Earl of Glamorgan on Catholic concessions.